While most people understand that brushing and flossing are important for preventing cavities and bad breath, gum disease is more than just an issue for your mouth. In fact, it can be linked to several other serious health conditions.

The link between oral health and systemic health issues is becoming clearer through ongoing research. Understanding these connections can help you appreciate the importance of maintaining excellent gum health.

The Mouth-Body Connection

Gum disease begins when plaque builds up along the gumline. In its early stage, a.k.a. gingivitis, the gums may become red, swollen, and bleed easily. If left untreated, it can advance to periodontitis, where the gums pull away from the teeth, forming pockets that become infected. This can lead to bone loss and eventually, tooth loss.

The inflammation and bacteria associated with periodontitis are not always contained within the mouth. This chronic inflammatory state can contribute to or worsen other medical conditions throughout the body. Here are five health conditions that have a surprising link to gum disease.

Diabetes

The relationship between diabetes and gum disease is a two-way street. People with diabetes are more susceptible to infections, including periodontal disease. This is because high blood sugar levels can weaken the body’s defenses and make it harder to fight off the bacteria that cause gum infections.

Conversely, severe gum disease can impact blood glucose control and contribute to the progression of diabetes. Gum disease causes inflammation, which can reduce the body’s ability to use insulin effectively. This insulin resistance can make it more difficult to control blood sugar levels.

For patients with diabetes, managing gum disease and managing their diabetes is intertwined. Regular dental check-ups and diligent oral hygiene can help prevent complications.

Heart Disease

Researchers have found a compelling association between gum disease and cardiovascular problems, including heart disease, clogged arteries, and stroke. While the exact cause-and-effect relationship is still under investigation, inflammation is believed to be the common link.

The bacteria from infected gums can enter the bloodstream and travel to the arteries in the heart, causing inflammation in the blood vessels and contribute to the formation of plaque and blood clots, potentially increasing the risk of a heart attack. Maintaining healthy gums is one step you can take to support a healthy heart.

Alzheimer’s Disease

Recent studies have suggested a potential connection between gum disease and cognitive decline, including Alzheimer’s disease. The theory centers on the bacteria responsible for periodontitis and its ability to affect the brain.

While this research is still evolving, it highlights another reason why preventing gum disease is so important for long-term health. Good oral hygiene could play a role in protecting brain health as you age.

Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections

The bacteria that thrive in an unhealthy oral environment can be inhaled into the lungs, potentially leading to respiratory infections such as pneumonia. This risk is particularly high for older adults, individuals with weakened immune systems, or patients in a hospital setting.

For someone already struggling with a compromised immune system or other health issues, a lung infection can be very serious. Regular professional cleanings and a consistent daily brushing and flossing routine help reduce the bacterial load in the mouth, lowering the risk of respiratory complications.

Rheumatoid Arthritis

Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease that causes chronic inflammation in the joints. Interestingly, there is a strong link between RA and periodontal disease. Both are chronic inflammatory conditions, and research suggests they may influence each other.

Certain bacterial infections can trigger an autoimmune reaction in people who are genetically predisposed to RA. In addition, the inflammation from gum disease can also become systemic, potentially worsening the joint inflammation associated with rheumatoid arthritis. Some studies have even shown that patients with RA who receive treatment for their gum disease experience a reduction in the pain and swelling in their joints.

Protecting Your Health Starts Here

Taking care of your teeth and gums is not just about having a beautiful smile; it is an important part of preventing and managing a wide range of health conditions.

If you notice any signs of gum disease, such as red, swollen, or bleeding gums, it is important to schedule an appointment with our office. Early detection and treatment can protect more than just your teeth and gums!